The
participation of a primitive Image dedicated to María Santísima de la Soledad
in the Procession of the Holy Burial has been verified since its arrival in
Cieza in the early years of one thousand six hundred. In fact, his Brotherhood
was also in charge of certain functions of the Church, among them the descent
on Good Friday: “…on Holy Biernes in the morning, take from the convent of this
Villa to its Parochial Church for the function of his descent to the Santo
Christo who is in another convent so that his stage can be formed in
mourning...", this was stated in 1712 by the alderman D. Francisco
Marín-Ordóñez when he stipulated that his descendants should continue to pay
for them.
That
first Image of "La Soledad" would have paraded at least during the
17th century and until the constitution of its own Brotherhood within the
Brotherhood of the Blood of Christ, as can be seen from a deed, dated 1671, of
reception of belongings of the Image by the Mayordomo of the Brotherhood of the
Blood from the hands of the widow who had been responsible: "In the town
of Cieza on eighteen days of the month of August of one thousand six hundred
and seventy-one years before My notary public and witnesses appeared present
Francisco Perez Carpintero, the mayordomo of the brotherhood of the blood of
Christ, a neighbor of this said town and said that due to the end and death of
Lorenço Motellon, he had succeeded in the said brotherhood, who had it under
his charge And I glimpsed before those who today recognize the clothes that the
said brotherhood and the Virgin of Solitude have and the bestir ornaments. ---
and I receive from Juana despinosa widow of said Lorenço Motellon the following
goods and clothes..."
It
is in 1692 when, together with the Brotherhood of Jesus of Nazareno, the
Brotherhood of María Santísima de la Soledad, called in its origins and for a
long time later the Brotherhood of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, requested its
erection establishing its own constitutions to “be able to solemnize the holy
week of each one of the processions that are held with these holy Ynsinias on
Thursday and Friday”. However, the effective constitution did not take place
until March 11, 1730, at which time the first Book of Minutes of the
Brotherhood made explicit that its founders obtained the approval of the
eighteen precepts by which they were to be governed by the Provisor and Vicar
General of the Diocese, Dr. D. Francisco Linero y Lezcano. It is strange, to
say the least, that such a long period of time elapsed between the constitution
application and the constitution itself; It is possible, very remotely, that
during those almost forty years the Brotherhood of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad
had been associated with that of Jesús Nazareno (this can be thought following
the testament of D. Juan Gómez de Aledo y Abellán: "and likewise may the
Brotherhood of Our Father Jesus and Our Lady of Solitude assist me and
accompany my body, in attention to having been the Elder Brother of the same).
All
the members of the Brotherhood, as stipulated in its Statutes, had social
ancestry linked to the nobility and among them were names as illustrious in the
town as those of Buitrago Angostos, Marín Castaño, Marín Ordóñez, Ruiz Soler,
Marín Blázquez de Padilla, García Ruiz Melgarejo, Falcón, Marín Talón, de la
Peña, Roldán, Yarza, Puche, Bermúdez or Abellán. Its rules restricted the
number of confreres to thirty-four, although in some cases some were accepted
as supernumerary, generally to make up for the loss of a sick confrere.
Likewise, admission to the Brotherhood was made by presenting a memorandum that
the Secretary read in the Board, after which a secret vote was taken to admit
the applicant, distributing white beans, which gave the vote, and black beans,
which denied it. The Brotherhood had to observe a very straight conduct, both
moral and religious, based on the precepts included in its rules, and they had
to attend the Procession dressed in rigorous mourning.
The
Sisters began to form an active part of the Brotherhood in the middle of the
18th century, although practically since its foundation they figured in the
Vela del Novenario and the Vela del Santísimo, and in the lighting of the
Procession (the traditional "Lloronas", ladies dressed of rigorous
mourning). Their number was initially limited to thirty-six, and they must also
be wives or daughters of the Brothers themselves; this number, however, was
enlarged at the beginning of the 19th century due to the desire of many ladies
to appear in the Procession. In any case, altercations with "women who,
due to their birth and exterior appearances, make the Act tarnish..."
could not be avoided, which led to a series of curious measures to avoid them
in the future; among them "it was resolved that four crimson velvet seats
be made at the expense of the sisters themselves" with which to isolate
the group of Sisters from the rest of the women who attended the Novenas. The
plague epidemic of 1811 also influenced the Brotherhood in such a way that the
following year even suitors who had not yet been admitted were allowed to
parade.
The
management positions were elected at the General Meeting, which was always held
on the second Sunday of Easter, with the highest authority falling on the Big
Brother, whose term of office lasted one year, and who was chosen in scrupulous
order of seniority. The parish priest always attended the Cabildos of the
Brotherhood as President. The rest of the responsibilities were shared by
Secretary, Treasurer or Depositary, Discrete or Vocal (in number of six first
and four later) and Will Collector, in charge of collecting from the
testamentary executors the assets bequeathed to the Brotherhood; the elected
members held office for a year, although it was common for them to be
re-elected again or even held it for life.
From
the outset the need for a person to take care of the Image and the belongings
of the Brotherhood was felt, and so in 1730 Mrs. Inés Navarro, Sola y Martínez
was appointed first Chambermaid of the Brotherhood, who was until the year of
his death, 1735, passing the position to his daughter Catalina. Her obligations
were none other than to dress and jewel the Image as required by the
festivities. Since the middle of the 18th century, the trousseau of the Image
has been kept in the sacristy of the parish church of Nuestra Señora de la
Asunción.
For
his part, the Brotherhood who entered the Brotherhood had to pay a small amount
(eight reales of silver) and provide a three-pound wax brazier, a commitment
that was renewed every year. However, the Brotherhood did not always enjoy a
good situation to deal with these donations. The Brotherhood, however, had
other important sources of income: the testamentary mandates in favor of it,
usual at that time (so in 1730: "as well as by the will by which Mrs.
María Egipcíaca Artes endowed, bequeathed and commanded to Holy Mary with the
title of Soledad fifty ducats in fleece coin by way of alms..."), and the
alms that from its origins the Brotherhood were forced to ask for every Sunday
and in every place. In 1743 it was agreed that the Big Brother was the one who
designated four brothers to ask for alms, under a fine of two reales for each
Sunday they failed to do so; The discomfort that this caused them motivated
that in 1745 it was determined that the Andas de la Imagen would be carried by
four men from outside the Brotherhood and that they themselves would ask for
alms. However, until the first quarter of the 19th century, it was still normal
for two Brotherhood members to "beg for alms from the dregs of silk,
raisin, wool, wheat, barley and panizo", while remaining free during that
year from complying with the one forced by the Brotherhood.
The
Brothers, in addition to having the obligation to accompany the Blessed
Sacrament on visits to the sick, to accompany the deceased Brothers at the
burial and to say mass for them (customs that will fade until they are lost
during the 20th century), were obliged to participate in all the acts of
worship organized by the Brotherhood; The Novenario de Dolores, one of the most
important, was promoted by the Brotherhood since 1730, and from the beginning
of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century it was held jointly
with the Brotherhood of Jesus Nazareno, renamed the Novenario de Jesús y
Dolores Both Brotherhoods paying for the altar in equal parts, an altar whose
construction began at the end of the 19th century and ended in 1908 after being
gilded by Pedro Valch.
Likewise,
since 1785 and at the end of the Procession of the Holy Burial in which, as has
been said, it carried out a procession, the Brotherhood promotes the Sermon on
Solitude, in force until the last third of the 20th century and of which a
slight reminiscence is preserved today, as well as the Candle of the Image
until six in the morning of Holy Saturday.
However,
the Brotherhood also participated in other Processions: from 1784 and until the
beginning of the last decade of the 19th century at the latest in the Good
Friday morning procession ("It was present at this Board that for the best
display of the Friday procession In the holy morning it seems regular that the
Most Holy Mary attends her accompanied by her brothers, in imitation of when
this Sovereign Lady followed her Most Holy Ijo in the Calle de Amargura up to
Calvary..."), having done so since its origins and perhaps until the same date
also on Holy Thursday next to Paso de Jesús Nazareno. Finally, on Easter
Sunday, which the Sisters were obliged to attend with mantillas and white
stockings, at first with the primitive Image of "La Soledad", which
became the Virgin of Grace in 1759 after the construction of the new titular
Image in 1749, and already in the second half of the 19th century with a newly
made Image dedicated to Virgen del Amor Hermoso.
From
the very beginning, the Image had its own altar in the parish church. Already
in 1650 and until the demolition of the old parish church in the Chapel of the
Padillas, and in the patronal chapel, the first next to the gospel, from 1719
until the construction in 1772 of their own, whose cost (eleven thousand nine
hundred and fifty five reales and twenty-six maravedíes) was borne by the
priest D. Martín Guerrero. Throughout the 19th century, small renovations
followed one another: a first, paid for by Isidro Gómez, in 1874; the second,
by Sánchez Araciel, in 1893; in 1894 the framework of carvings and moldings,
and the gilding of the same is carried out. After the civil war, the
restoration of the chapel was carried out by Palma Burgos, who also retouched
the feet of the Image.
From
the first Image of "La Soledad" of which we have reference, we know
that it was commissioned in 1612 by D. Diego Padilla, although we do not know
who. The Image that replaced it in 1749 (with the initial invocation of Nuestra
Señora de la Soledad y Dolores), destroyed during the Civil War, was a work by
Francisco Salzillo that the sculptor Sánchez Araciel restored in 1911; this is
demonstrated by the contract of the same: "I say, D. Francisco Salzillo,
resident of this city and master sculptor in it, that for this I oblige myself
to do and terminate, for the entire month of February of the year that comes
from one thousand seven hundred and forty-nine, and deliver to the lords of
Talón and Marín-Blázquez in the Villa de Cieza, the image of María Santísima de
la Soledad in the following form: The head of the Virgin, hands and feet with
winders of eight spans so that you can dress in silk clothes; and base of the
same wood, as appropriate. Notice fulfilled by the presbyter who mediated in
the order, as corresponds to his notice by letter dated April 10, saying that
the execution of said image has already been dealt with, prebinding me that for
the sake of it the gentlemen of Talón and Marín-Blázquez give me one thousand
rs . of fleece of the two thousand five hundred that is adjusted, and thus
finished it will be delivered to said gentlemen, being their account the litter
as they choose and mine the screws for their safety. Once the Virgin is cast
with glass oxos, incarnation and colors that correspond and tears, the said
gentlemen will give me the thousand five hundred rs. remaining, in this form
for the entire month of December of this year or to the delivery of the Virgin
as I stated in my letter. I sign it in Murcia on May 16, 1748. Signed José
Talón; Signed Francisco Salzillo. Is a copy". Paid for by his Waitress Mrs.
Piedad Jaén Talón and also dressed, like his predecessor, in 1942 the Murcian
Imager Juan González Moreno made a replica of the previous one that,
commissioned by his current Waitress, Mrs. Piedad Marín-Blázquez, It was
restored in 1999 by Javier Bernal Casanova under the presidency of its current
one, Mr. Pedro Escudero Mateo.
The
first litters, whose artistic data and authorship we do not know, were replaced
by new ones "with carved work, with four carved children, gilt, and the
other requirements that were needed" in 1731, by others in 1784, and by a
third "with carvings and gold" in 1856; but the throne in which he
currently processions is due to the Maestro Pujante, who made it at the end of
the last century; Subject to several restorations, the last one, which
contemplated a new gilding of the same, was carried out in 1992 by the sculptor
from Ciezano-Málaga Juan Solano.
The
Image will treasure a rich trousseau over the years, of which a sumptuous
gold-embroidered black velvet cloak made in the year 1900 at the Talleres Garín
in Madrid is noteworthy, for a cost of fifteen thousand pesetas, and given to
the Brotherhood for Mrs. Visitación Aguado Moxó, Mr. Isidro Gómez Marzo and Mr.
Francisco González Condon. The cloak, which disappeared in the civil war, was
found again in El Palmar (Murcia) in 1946 together with the tunic of Jesús
Nazareno and recovered for the Brotherhood.
The
Brotherhood also had two scripts. The holder, made of black damask, was
replaced by a new one in 1802 and this in turn by an identical one in 1872;
Finally, in 1900, the current one was made at the Fleming Workshops,
embroidered in gold on black velvet. The second, made of white damask and
disappeared, was made in 1826, exclusively for its departure in the Procession
of the Risen Jesus.
In
1994, when D. Ramón Valcárcel was President, the Brotherhood completely renewed
the costume design of its anderos by replacing the one that had been in force
since the mid-20th century and that had replaced, in turn, the first one
designed in 1826; but it will be in 2005, under the mandate of D. Pedro
Escudero, when the Brotherhood recovers the traditional “mucus cap” for its
andero wardrobe.